Pendekatan yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hakikat istishab, pendapat ulama tentang nilai kehujjahannya, serta pengaruh perbedaan pendapat ulama tentang nilai kehujjahannya terhadap perbedaan pendapat dalam hukum Islam. Salah satu metode ijtihad adalah istishab.

Karenanya, peran ijtihad sebagai sarana pembaharuan hukum Islam sangatlah vital. Komprehensifitas Agama Islam tidak terletak pada kelengkapan kandungan al-QurвЂ™an dan Hadis, sebab faktanya ayat al-QurвЂ™an dan hadis jumlahnya terbatas, sedangkan permasalahan manusia semakin kompleks.

The difference of the ulama's view of the use of istishab in ijtihad has led to differences in their views on Islamic law, as in the case of the law of the disappearedвЂ™s inheritance. The late ulamas of the Hanafi sect assert that istishab is a hujjah in defense of something that already exists, while the majority of the Hanafi scholars and some scholars of the Shafi'i sect state that istishab is not a hujjah at all. By using this method of research, this study concludes that the majority of scholars of the Maliki, Shafii, and Hambali sect assert that istishab is a hujjah to defend something that already exists (daf'i) and establish something that does not exist yet (itsbat). The approach used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. This study aims to describe the nature of istishab, clerical opinion about the value of its strength as a source of law, as well as the influence of ulama's opinion about the value of his resistance to differences of opinion in Islamic law. One of the methods of ijtihad is istishab.

So, the role of ijtihad as a means of reform of Islamic law is vital. The comprehension of Islam does not lie in the completeness of the content of the Qur'an and Hadith, because in fact the verses of the Qur'an and Hadith are limited in number, while the human problems are growing.

Buku fiqih 4 mazhab pdf